Break-even (units) = Fixed Costs ÷ (Price - Variable Cost per unit). Example: $10,000 fixed costs, $50 price, $30 variable cost. BEP = $10,000 ÷ ($50-$30) = 500 units. At 500 units, revenue equals costs.
- Formula (units): Fixed Costs ÷ Contribution Margin
- Contribution Margin = Price - Variable Cost
- Formula (dollars): Fixed Costs ÷ CM Ratio
- CM Ratio = (Price - Variable Cost) ÷ Price
- Below BEP = Loss, Above BEP = Profit
| Fixed Costs | Price | Variable Cost | BEP Units | BEP Revenue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| $10,000 | $50 | $30 | 500 | $25,000 |
| $20,000 | $100 | $60 | 500 | $50,000 |
| $50,000 | $200 | $120 | 625 | $125,000 |