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Navigation ETA Calculator

Plan passage times with current, fuel, and waypoints

ETA

09:25

Travel

1h 25m

Fuel

10.0 gal

Units
nm
kts
kts
gal/hr
gal
%
min

Estimated Arrival

09:25

1h 25m

Eff. Speed

20.0 kts

Fuel Needed

10.0 gal

Fuel Stops

0

Current Effect

+2.0 kts (favorable)

Route Segments

Departure → WP112.5 nm — 38 min
WP1 → Arrival12.5 nm — 38 min

Speed vs Travel Time

5 kts5h 0m
10 kts2h 30m
15 kts1h 40m
20 kts1h 15m
30 kts50 min

What You'll Need

Suunto A-30 Baseplate Compass with Clinometer

Suunto A-30 Baseplate Compass with Clinometer

$25-$404.5
View on Amazon
Gill Marine Sailing Gloves Deckhand 3/4 Finger

Gill Marine Sailing Gloves Deckhand 3/4 Finger

$25-$354.4
View on Amazon
Davis Instruments Quick Reference Navigation Rules Card

Davis Instruments Quick Reference Navigation Rules Card

$8-$124.6
View on Amazon

Star Brite Ultimate Aluminum Cleaner & Restorer 64oz

$18-$254.5
View on Amazon

3M Marine Adhesive Sealant 5200 Fast Cure White 3oz

$14-$204.5
View on Amazon

Shoreline Marine Bilge Pump 600 GPH 12V

$15-$254.3
View on Amazon
Suunto A-30 Baseplate Compass with Clinometer

Suunto A-30 Baseplate Compass with Clinometer

$25-$404.5
View on Amazon
Gill Marine Sailing Gloves Deckhand 3/4 Finger

Gill Marine Sailing Gloves Deckhand 3/4 Finger

$25-$354.4
View on Amazon
Davis Instruments Quick Reference Navigation Rules Card

Davis Instruments Quick Reference Navigation Rules Card

$8-$124.6
View on Amazon

Star Brite Ultimate Aluminum Cleaner & Restorer 64oz

$18-$254.5
View on Amazon

3M Marine Adhesive Sealant 5200 Fast Cure White 3oz

$14-$204.5
View on Amazon

Shoreline Marine Bilge Pump 600 GPH 12V

$15-$254.3
View on Amazon

As an Amazon Associate, we earn from qualifying purchases.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q

How do I calculate boat travel time from distance and speed?

Travel time = Distance / Speed. In nautical terms, distance is measured in nautical miles and speed in knots (nautical miles per hour). A 25 nm trip at 18 knots takes 1 hour 23 minutes without accounting for current.

  • 25 nm at 18 knots: 25 / 18 = 1.39 hours = 1 hour 23 minutes
  • 50 nm at 20 knots: 50 / 20 = 2.5 hours = 2 hours 30 minutes
  • Always add time for current effects: favorable current reduces time, adverse increases it
  • Include waypoint stop time for fuel, fishing, or customs clearance
  • 1 nautical mile = 1.15 statute miles = 1.852 kilometers
Distance (nm)Speed (kts)Travel Time
10 nm15 kts40 min
25 nm18 kts1h 23m
50 nm20 kts2h 30m
100 nm25 kts4h 00m
Q

How does water current affect my boat ETA?

Current directly adds to or subtracts from your boat speed. A 2-knot favorable current adds 2 knots to your effective speed, while a 2-knot adverse current subtracts 2 knots. Beam (cross) currents do not change your speed along the route.

  • Favorable (following) current: effective speed = boat speed + current speed
  • Adverse (head-on) current: effective speed = boat speed - current speed
  • Beam (crosswise) current: no effect on forward speed, but causes lateral drift
  • Example: 18 kts boat + 2 kts favorable = 20 kts effective, saving 8 min on 25 nm
  • Tidal currents can reverse direction every 6 hours, so plan around slack tide
Q

How do I plan fuel for a multi-waypoint passage?

Calculate total fuel needed as Fuel Rate × Travel Time. Then apply a safety reserve of 10-20%. If fuel needed exceeds usable tank capacity (tank minus reserve), plan refueling stops along the route.

  • Fuel needed = consumption rate (gal/hr) × travel time (hours)
  • Usable fuel = tank capacity × (1 - reserve percentage)
  • A 60-gallon tank at 10% reserve holds 54 usable gallons
  • At 8 gal/hr, 54 gallons gives 6.75 hours of range before reserve
  • Coast Guard recommends 1/3 fuel out, 1/3 fuel back, 1/3 reserve
Fuel RateTank SizeUsable (10% reserve)Range (hours)
4 gal/hr40 gal36 gal9.0 hrs
8 gal/hr60 gal54 gal6.75 hrs
15 gal/hr100 gal90 gal6.0 hrs
30 gal/hr200 gal180 gal6.0 hrs
Q

What is a tidal gate and how does it affect passage planning?

A tidal gate is a narrow passage or channel where tidal current is so strong that boats can only transit safely during slack tide or favorable current. Missing a tidal gate window can delay your passage by 6-12 hours.

  • Tidal gates occur at inlets, narrows, and river mouths with strong currents
  • Slack tide (zero current) windows are typically 15-30 minutes long
  • Plan to arrive at the gate during slack or favorable flow direction
  • Strong tidal currents can exceed 6 knots in extreme locations
  • Use tide tables and current charts to identify gate windows
Q

What cruising speed should I use for passage planning?

Use 70-80% of your maximum speed for passage planning fuel estimates. At displacement speed, most boats are most fuel-efficient. Planing boats are often more efficient at plane than at displacement speed.

  • Displacement speed (hull speed): 1.34 × √(waterline length in ft) knots
  • A 30-ft waterline: hull speed = 1.34 × 5.48 = 7.3 knots
  • Planing boats: most efficient just above planing threshold
  • Fuel consumption increases roughly with the cube of speed above hull speed
  • Plan at 80% throttle for realistic fuel and time estimates

Example Calculations

1Coastal Cruise with Favorable Current

Inputs

Distance25 nm
Boat Speed18 kts
Current2 kts favorable
Fuel Rate8 gal/hr
Departure08:00
Waypoints1 (10 min stop)

Result

ETA09:25
Effective Speed20 kts
Travel Time1h 25m (including stop)
Fuel Needed10.0 gallons
Fuel Stops0

Effective speed = 18 + 2 = 20 kts. Travel time = 25 / 20 = 1.25 hrs = 75 min. Plus 10 min waypoint stop = 85 min total. Fuel = 8 × 1.25 = 10.0 gal. ETA = 08:00 + 85 min = 09:25.

2Offshore Passage Against Current

Inputs

Distance80 nm
Boat Speed22 kts
Current3 kts adverse
Fuel Rate15 gal/hr
Departure06:00
Waypoints2 (15 min each)

Result

ETA10:43
Effective Speed19 kts
Travel Time4h 43m (including stops)
Fuel Needed63.2 gallons
Fuel Stops0

Effective speed = 22 - 3 = 19 kts. Travel time = 80 / 19 = 4.21 hrs = 253 min. Plus 2 × 15 min stops = 283 min total = 4h 43m. Fuel = 15 × 4.21 = 63.2 gal. ETA = 06:00 + 283 min = 10:43.

Formulas Used

Travel Time

Time = Distance / Effective Speed

Calculates the time needed to cover a given distance at effective speed (accounting for current).

Where:

Distance= Total passage distance in nautical miles
Effective Speed= Boat speed plus or minus current (knots)

Effective Speed with Current

Effective Speed = Boat Speed + (Current Speed × Direction Factor)

Adjusts boat speed for water current. Direction factor is +1 for favorable, -1 for adverse, 0 for beam current.

Where:

Boat Speed= Speed through the water in knots
Current Speed= Water current speed in knots
Direction Factor= +1 (favorable), -1 (adverse), or 0 (beam)

Fuel Required

Fuel = Fuel Rate × Travel Time

Calculates total fuel consumption for the passage based on consumption rate and time underway.

Where:

Fuel Rate= Engine fuel consumption in gallons per hour
Travel Time= Total time underway in hours

Marine Passage Planning and ETA Calculation

Accurate passage planning is fundamental to safe boating. Knowing your estimated time of arrival helps you plan for weather windows, tidal gates, fuel stops, and daylight hours. Even a small error in speed or current estimation can compound over long passages.

Water current is the single biggest variable in marine ETA calculations. A 2-knot current on a 50-mile passage can change your arrival time by 30-45 minutes. Always check NOAA current predictions and adjust your departure time to use favorable tides when possible.

Fuel planning should always include a safety margin. The Coast Guard recommends the "rule of thirds": one-third of fuel to get there, one-third to get back, and one-third in reserve. For one-way passages, a minimum 10% reserve is the absolute floor, with 20% preferred for offshore trips.

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Last Updated: Mar 25, 2026

This calculator is provided for informational and educational purposes only. Results are estimates and should not be considered professional financial, medical, legal, or other advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making important decisions. UseCalcPro is not responsible for any actions taken based on calculator results.

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