Gravel’s “cheap” label only holds up if you don’t account for ongoing maintenance. Top-up with 1-2 tons per 1,000 sqft every 2-4 years at $30-$75/ton delivered runs $60-$300 per event, or $400-$2,000 over 20 years depending on climate and traffic. Regrading with a skid-steer every 5-10 years runs $300-$1,000 per event, totaling $600-$3,000 over 20 years. Combined, a 600 sqft gravel driveway that cost $1,200-$3,000 to install racks up another $1,500-$3,500 in maintenance over 20 years, landing at $2,700-$6,500 total.
Compared at the same 20-year horizon: asphalt installs at $3,600-$7,200 plus $600-$1,500 in reseal maintenance, totaling $4,200-$8,700. Plain concrete installs at $3,600-$6,000 plus $300-$800 in periodic sealer, totaling $3,900-$6,800. Gravel’s upfront advantage shrinks considerably on a TCO basis, and concrete often wins in the cheapest-total-over-20-years comparison despite being 2-3x the upfront cost. Climate and use intensity flip the answer — heavy rural use with farm equipment punishes gravel topcoats faster than suburban commuter use.
Hidden maintenance costs add up: potholes and washouts from heavy rain cause unplanned repairs ($100-$500 per event), and snow plowing on gravel costs 20-30% more than on paved surfaces because plow operators charge extra to keep the blade lifted slightly to avoid scalping the topcoat. Dust suppression (calcium chloride application at $0.10-$0.20/sqft) is optional but real in dry climates. For the alternative-surface TCO math with full regional breakdowns, the asphalt driveway cost calculator and concrete driveway cost calculator run the same 20-year economics.
20-year total cost of ownership for a 600 sqft driveway, US 2026. Source: HomeGuide, Angi.| Surface | Upfront 600 sqft | 20-yr maintenance | 20-yr total |
|---|
| Gravel (crushed stone) | $1,200-$3,000 | $1,500-$3,500 | $2,700-$6,500 |
| Asphalt | $3,600-$7,200 | $600-$1,500 (reseal) | $4,200-$8,700 |
| Concrete (plain) | $3,600-$6,000 | $300-$800 (seal) | $3,900-$6,800 |