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Guitar Tuning Calculator — Frequency & String Tension by Tuning

See exact frequencies and tension for every string in any tuning

Total Tension

515.5 lbs

Strings

6

A4

440 Hz

Total Neck Tension

515.5

lbs

String Details

6 (Low)E2
82.41 Hz1 lbs
5A2
110 Hz3.1 lbs
4D3
146.83 Hz9.3 lbs
3G3
196 Hz38.9 lbs
2B3
246.94 Hz118.5 lbs
1 (High)E4
329.63 Hz344.7 lbs

Example Calculations

1Standard Tuning with Light Gauge (10-46)

Inputs

TuningStandard (EADGBE)
GaugeLight (10-46)
Scale Length25.5"
A4 Reference440 Hz

Result

Total Tension~103 lbs

Each string tension calculated using T = μ(2Lf)² with standard 440 Hz reference.

2Drop D with Heavy Gauge (12-54)

Inputs

TuningDrop D (DADGBE)
GaugeHeavy (12-54)
Scale Length25.5"
A4 Reference440 Hz

Result

Total Tension~125 lbs

Low D at 73.42 Hz reduces 6th string tension vs standard E, compensated by heavier gauge.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q

How does string gauge affect tension?

Heavier gauges produce more tension at the same pitch. A .010 E string at standard tuning has about 16 lbs tension, while a .013 has about 28 lbs. More tension gives louder tone and stiffer feel.

  • Extra Light (9-42): ~89 lbs total, easy bending
  • Light (10-46): ~103 lbs total, versatile standard
  • Medium (11-49): ~116 lbs total, fuller tone
  • Heavy (12-54): ~132 lbs total, max volume and sustain
  • Drop tunings need heavier gauges to maintain tension
Gauge SetTotal TensionBest ForFeel
9-42~89 lbsLead guitar, bendingVery light
10-46~103 lbsAll-around playingStandard
11-49~116 lbsBlues, jazz rhythmMedium
12-54~132 lbsJazz, heavy rhythmHeavy
Q

What is the standard guitar tuning frequency?

Standard tuning is E2-A2-D3-G3-B3-E4 with A4 = 440 Hz. Low E = 82.41 Hz, A = 110 Hz, D = 146.83 Hz, G = 196 Hz, B = 246.94 Hz, high E = 329.63 Hz. Some players tune to A4 = 432 Hz for a warmer sound.

  • E2: 82.41 Hz (6th string)
  • A2: 110.00 Hz (5th string)
  • D3: 146.83 Hz (4th string)
  • G3: 196.00 Hz (3rd string)
  • B3: 246.94 Hz (2nd string)
  • E4: 329.63 Hz (1st string)
Q

Does scale length affect string tension?

Yes. Longer scale length = higher tension at the same pitch. A Fender (25.5") has more tension than a Gibson (24.75") with identical strings and tuning. Difference is roughly 6% in tension.

  • Fender scale: 25.5" (648mm)
  • Gibson scale: 24.75" (629mm)
  • PRS scale: 25" (635mm)
  • Baritone: 27-30" (686-762mm)
  • Longer scale = brighter tone, more tension
Q

How do I choose strings for drop tunings?

Increase bottom string gauge by 2-4 units per whole step down. For Drop D, use a .052-.054 low string. For Drop C, use .056-.060. This compensates for the tension lost by lowering pitch.

  • Drop D: .046-.054 for the 6th string
  • Drop C: .052-.060 for the 6th string
  • Drop B: .056-.064 for the 6th string
  • Hybrid sets work well (light tops, heavy bottoms)
  • Check nut slot width for heavier strings

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Last Updated: Mar 21, 2026

This calculator is provided for informational and educational purposes only. Results are estimates and should not be considered professional financial, medical, legal, or other advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making important decisions. UseCalcPro is not responsible for any actions taken based on calculator results.

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