How to Build a Deck: Complete Materials & Cost Calculator Guide
How to Build a Deck: Complete Materials & Cost Calculator Guide Building a deck costs between $15 and $75 per square foot for materials, depending on whether you choose pressure-treated lumber, composite, or cedar. A typical 16x20 deck requires 50-60 deck boards, 20-25 joists, 8-12 posts, and roughly 15 pounds of structural screws and hardware. Getting the material quantities right before you order saves hundreds of dollars in waste and emergency trips to the lumber yard. Last year I built a 16x24 composite deck for a client in suburban Maryland. The material bill came to $8,200 -- and that was after negotiating a bulk discount on the composite boards. I ordered 15% extra decking and used every single piece, because cuts around the stair landing and the angled corner ate through boards faster than the calculator predicted. That project reinforced what I tell every homeowner: always round up, never down....
Drywall Calculator Guide: Sheets, Mud, Tape & Cost for Any Room
Drywall Calculator Guide: Sheets, Mud, Tape & Cost for Any Room A standard 12x12 room needs approximately 18 sheets of 4x8 drywall for walls and ceiling. Each 4x8 sheet covers 32 square feet, and a typical room with 8-foot ceilings requires about 576 square feet of wall area plus 144 square feet of ceiling. Factor in 10-15% waste for cuts around doors, windows, and outlets, and you get a reliable material estimate before heading to the lumberyard. When I drywalled my first basement two years ago -- 850 square feet of open space with a drop ceiling grid -- I ordered 22 sheets of 4x8 and thought I had plenty. I was wrong about the joint compound. I ran through 3 gallons in two days and had to make an emergency run for 2 more, which set me back half a day and $45. That project taught me that accurate...
Fence Cost Calculator: Posts, Panels & Materials for Any Yard
Fence Cost Calculator: Posts, Panels & Materials for Any Yard The average fence costs $15-$45 per linear foot installed, depending on material. A 150-foot wood privacy fence typically costs $3,000-$5,500 for materials alone, while vinyl runs $3,750-$7,500. Chain link is the most affordable at $1,050-$3,000, and aluminum ornamental fencing ranges from $3,750-$6,750. Total installed cost adds $5-$20 per linear foot for labor. When I installed a 175-foot cedar privacy fence around my backyard in Portland two years ago, the project came to $3,200 in materials -- 23 posts, 22 panels, and two gates. The lesson I wish I had learned before digging the first post hole: I was 14 inches over my property line on the south side. A $400 survey would have saved me from pulling up three posts and resetting them, plus an awkward conversation with my neighbor. Always get a survey before you set a single post....
Insulation R-Value Guide: How Much Insulation Do I Need?
Insulation R-Value Guide: How Much Insulation Do I Need? R-value measures insulation's resistance to heat flow -- the higher the number, the better the insulation. Most homes need R-38 to R-60 in the attic and R-13 to R-21 in walls, depending on your climate zone. The U.S. Department of Energy divides the country into seven climate zones, each with specific R-value recommendations that determine how much insulation your walls, attic, and floors require. When I upgraded the attic insulation in my Portland home from R-19 to R-49 two winters ago, the project cost $1,800 in materials and a long weekend of work. My gas bill dropped by $340 the following year -- a payback period under six years, and the house stayed noticeably warmer during our typical 35-degree January nights. That project convinced me that upgrading insulation delivers the best return per dollar of any energy improvement a homeowner can...
How Much Roofing Material Do I Need? Shingles, Bundles & Cost Guide
How Much Roofing Material Do I Need? Shingles, Bundles & Cost Guide A roofing "square" covers 100 square feet of roof area. Most asphalt shingle roofs require 3 bundles per square, so a 2,000-square-foot roof needs roughly 60 bundles (20 squares). You must also factor in roof pitch, waste from hip and valley cuts, and starter and ridge cap shingles to arrive at an accurate material order. When I re-roofed my 1,800-square-foot workshop two years ago, I measured 18 squares of flat area but ordered materials for 20 squares because the steep 8/12 pitch added nearly 12% to the actual surface area. Even with that cushion, the hip-and-valley waste from the L-shaped footprint consumed an extra 2 squares worth of shingles -- I burned through 66 bundles total and spent $4,150 on architectural shingles, underlayment, and ridge vent. That project hammered home how much roof geometry matters beyond a simple...
How Much Concrete Do I Need? Concrete Calculator for Slabs & Footings
How Much Concrete Do I Need? Concrete Calculator for Slabs & Footings Concrete is calculated in cubic yards. For a 4-inch thick slab, you need approximately 1.23 cubic yards per 100 square feet. A typical 10×10 patio slab requires about 1.3 cubic yards of concrete, or approximately thirty 80-pound bags if mixing by hand. When I poured a 12x20-foot driveway extension last spring, I calculated 3.3 cubic yards but ordered 3.75 to account for uneven ground. The total came to $565 in ready-mix concrete, and I used every bit of the extra -- the subgrade had low spots that swallowed nearly half a yard more than the formula predicted. That project taught me why rounding up matters more than any waste percentage chart. Use our Concrete Calculator(/construction/concrete-calculator) to get precise quantities for slabs, footings, columns, and more. Understanding Concrete Measurements Concrete is sold two ways: by the cubic yard from...
Flooring Calculator: How Much Hardwood, Laminate, or LVP Do You Need?
Flooring Calculator: How Much Hardwood, Laminate, or LVP Do You Need? To calculate flooring, measure your room's square footage and add 10% for waste. A 12×15 foot room (180 sq ft) needs approximately 198 square feet of flooring material. For diagonal installations or complex patterns, add 15-20% instead. I installed LVP across 1,140 square feet of our main floor last year -- living room, kitchen, and hallway as one continuous run. I ordered 62 boxes at $3.50 per square foot, budgeting 10% waste, and ended up with exactly 3 boxes left over. The closets and hallway transitions added 85 square feet I almost forgot to measure, which would have left me short mid-install with a two-week backorder wait. Use our Flooring Calculator(/construction/flooring-calculator) to get precise material quantities for any room shape or installation pattern. How to Calculate Flooring for Any Room The basic formula is simple, but proper measurement technique...
How Much Paint Do I Need for a Room? Complete Calculator Guide
How Much Paint Do I Need for a Room? Complete Calculator Guide One gallon of paint covers approximately 350-400 square feet of wall space with one coat. For a standard 12x12 room with 8-foot ceilings, you'll need about 1.5 gallons for two coats after subtracting doors and windows. But the actual amount depends on your wall texture, paint type, and color change. Last summer I painted four bedrooms and a hallway totaling 1,860 square feet of wall space. My calculation called for 10 gallons with two coats, but the knockdown texture in the master bedroom ate through paint so fast I needed an extra gallon just for that room. The entire project cost $480 in premium eggshell paint -- and I learned the hard way that textured walls can increase your paint needs by 20-25% over the manufacturer's label estimate. Use our Paint Calculator(/construction/paint-calculator) to get an instant, accurate estimate...
How Many Tiles Do I Need? Tile Calculator Guide for Floors & Walls
How Many Tiles Do I Need? Tile Calculator Guide for Floors & Walls To calculate tiles needed, divide your project area by the tile size, then add 10-15% for waste and cuts. For a 100 square foot bathroom floor using 12×12 inch tiles, you'd need approximately 100 tiles plus 10-15 extra, totaling 110-115 tiles. I tiled our 72 square foot master bathroom floor and three shower walls (about 96 square feet combined) using 12x24 porcelain tiles. I ordered 15% extra -- 97 tiles total -- and cracked 6 during cutting, which put me right at the edge. The project ran $1,250 in materials including thinset and grout, and that experience convinced me to always budget at least 15% waste for any tile job with wet-saw cuts. Use our Tile Calculator(/construction/tiles-calculator) to get an instant, accurate count for your specific project with proper waste allowances. How to Calculate Tiles Step by...